14 Sep, 2025

Latest News

1 min read

What is a Trade Agreement?

Trade agreement A trade agreement sets rules for international economic policy. In the most common type of trade agreement, governments commit to limit protectionist barriers to trade by lowering tariffs or other trade barriers on products that are imported and exported across the borders of the countries that signed the agreement. Trade agreements also set […]
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The True Costs of Global Sanctions

Global sanctions are powerful political tools with profound global economic consequences. Sanctions impose steep barriers to international business, forcing them to navigate complex regulatory landscapes and reassess supply chains, while absorbing reputational risks by association with sanctioned regions. These economic setbacks compound financial losses, and often lead to litigation, financial penalties, and lost contracts. In […]

Features and Events

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How Long Will the Ceasefire Agreement Last?

A Ceasefire agreement (or cessation of hostilities agreement) is an official document that outlines the terms and conditions for a temporary halt to armed conflict. The goal is to allow parties to regroup and assess the situation before committing to a more formal peace process. Despite the best intentions of top leaders, these agreements can […]

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Challenges to Implementing the Arms Embargo

Arms embargo is a trade sanction against the export of weapons to states and entities deemed to have violated international law. Despite their broad application and high coercive potential, the implementation of arms embargoes is complicated by a series of circumstances that undermine their effectiveness. The existence of black markets, illicit arms trafficking networks, and […]

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Moral Hazard and the IMF Bailout

In the wake of the Asian financial crisis, the IMF is again facing calls for increased funding. In addition to bailing out financially troubled governments and companies, IMF loan programs also offer countries the opportunity to reform their economic policies and rethink their relationship with the international financial system. However, many important questions remain unanswered […]

1 min read

The Difference Between Ethnic Cleansing and Genocide

Until recently it seemed almost commonplace that the United States and other U.N. Security Council members would refer to violence in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda as “ethnic cleansing.” This term has been widely used since 1992. It allows the perpetrators of these atrocities to avoid labeling them as genocide, which triggers mandatory international intervention […]