Recent Developments in Conflict in the Middle East

Conflict in the Middle East continues to develop, with many factors influencing political, social and economic dynamics in the region. One of the main focuses is tensions between Israel and Palestine. Most recently, tensions increased in the Gaza Strip after rocket attacks launched by armed groups. Israel’s response included airstrikes that destroyed infrastructure and caused many civilian casualties. The attack sparked international protests, with many countries calling for the withdrawal of troops and a halt to the violence. On the other hand, the Syrian conflict is still continuing. The civil war that began in 2011 has led to the emergence of new forces, such as ISIS and Kurdish forces. The expulsion of ISIS from the territory it controlled was successful, but new challenges emerged with tensions between the Syrian government and Kurdish forces supported by the US. These tensions are further complicated by the involvement of Iran and Russia, which support Bashar al-Assad’s government and oppose foreign intervention. Yemen is also experiencing the worst conditions due to the prolonged conflict. The war between Saudi Arabia’s coalition-backed government and Houthi rebels has resulted in a severe humanitarian crisis. Hundreds of thousands of people died, while millions more were forced to flee. Despite diplomatic efforts to negotiate a ceasefire, the conflict remains complicated by foreign intervention, including from Iran which provides support to the Houthis. The Arab revolutions that began more than a decade ago changed the power structure in many countries, such as Egypt and Tunisia. However, many countries have experienced stagnation or even decline in terms of democracy and human rights. Civil society is subject to repression by authoritarian regimes, while public discontent continues to rise. Sporadic protests often arise in response to economic policies that affect people’s daily lives. In this context, the normalization of relations between Israel and several Arab countries, such as the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, is an important highlight. The deal is seen as a step forward in reducing tensions in the region, despite increasing criticism from Palestinian groups who feel marginalized. This development shows a change in political paradigm in which Arab countries that previously rejected relations with Israel began to see the importance of economic and security cooperation. Other issues, such as climate change and its impact on food security in the Middle East, are becoming increasingly urgent to address. Countries in the region face serious challenges due to extreme weather. Sustainable adaptation policies and the use of green technology are important agendas to protect the future of future generations. Overall, conflict in the Middle East remains a complex issue involving many actors with conflicting interests. Signs of progress or setbacks can be seen from this dynamic, and monitoring and involvement of the international community is needed to support a sustainable peaceful resolution.